Showing posts with label Volume 3. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Volume 3. Show all posts

Wednesday, July 12, 2017

School Education Chapter 2: How Authority Behaves

This blog post is part of an on-going daily series this month as I read (very quickly) through School Education by Charlotte Mason. Join me! Pick up your book and read a chapter, or find it free online at Ambleside Online.

Quick Summary of Chapter 2

Autocracy and Authority are two very different things. Autocracy is self-derived, Authority is God-derived. You can recognize autocracy by its fruits: "impatient and resentful, on the watch for transgressions, and swift to take offence." (p. 16) It also has many rules and harsh and arbitrary punishments. In contrast, authority is both gentle and firm: "easy to be entreated in all matters immaterial, just because she is immovable in matters of real importance". (p. 17)

We teach children the habit of obedience when they are young in order that they will have self-discipline when they are older. But wouldn't it be better to teach children to choose to do what is right based on conscience, rather than mere habit? We must do both: every habit of obedience takes away the constant effort of decision from the child and provides practice for when they do face moral choices, as of course they will. But it is not too late if you have not trained a young child in the habit of obedience. Older children often respond well to patient leadership and "the stimulus of an idea".

Authority is an aspect of love. It means self-denial for the parents, and "quiet rest and gaiety of heart" for the children. We would do well to meditate daily on where our authority is derived from.

Quotes

"This, too, is the position that our Lord assumes; He says: 'I came not to do mine own will, but the will of Him that sent me.' That is His commission and the standing order of His life, and for this reason He spake as one having authority, knowing Himself to be commissioned and supported." p. 16

"Authority is not uneasy; captious, harsh and indulgent by turns. This is the action of autocracy, which is self-sustained as it is self-derived, and is impatient and resentful, on the watch for transgressions, and swift to take offence. Autocracy has ever a drastic penal code, whether in the kingdom, the school, or the family. It has, too, many commandments." p. 16

"Authority is neither harsh nor indulgent. She is gentle and easy to be entreated in all matters immaterial, just because she is immovable in matters of real importance; for these, there is always a fixed principle." p. 17

"Authority is alert; she knows all that is going on and is aware of tendencies. She fulfils the apostolic precept--'He that ruleth (let him do it), with diligence.' But she is strong enough to fulfil that other precept also, 'He that showeth mercy (let him do it), with cheerfulness'; timely clemency, timely yielding is a great secret of strong government." p. 17

"...if we wish children to be able, when they grow up, to keep under their bodies and bring them into subjection, we must do this for them in their earlier years." p. 19

"...one must, before all things, have practice; one must have got into the way of working it involuntarily, without giving any thought to the matter: and to give a child this power over himself --first in response to the will of another, later, in response to his own, is to make a man of him." p. 20

"The man who can make himself do what he wills has the world before him, and it rests with parents to give their children this self-compelling power as a mere matter of habit. But is it not better and higher, it may be asked, to train children to act always in response to the divine mandate as it makes itself heard through the voice of conscience? The answer is, that in doing this we must not leave the other undone. There are few earnest parents who do not bring the power of conscience to bear on their children, and there are emergencies enough in the lives of young and old when we have to make a spiritual decision upon spiritual grounds --when it rests with us to choose the good and refuse the evil, consciously and voluntarily, because it is God's will that we should." p. 20

"...ninety-nine out of a hundred things we do, are done, well or ill, as mere matters of habit." p. 21

"...it is startling and shocking that there are many children of thoughtful parents whose lives are spent in day-ong efforts of decision upon matters which it is their parents' business to settle for them." p. 21

"On the other hand, children are before all things reasonable beings, and to some children of acute and powerful intelligence, an arbitrary and apparently unreasonable command is cruelly irritating. It is not advisable to answer children categorically when they want to know the why for every command, but wise parents steer a middle course. They are careful to form habits upon which the routine of life runs easily, and, when the exceptional event requires a new regulation, they may make casual mention of their reasons for having so and so done; or, if this is not convenient and the case is a trying one, they give the children the reason for all obedience--"for this is right." In a word, authority avoids, so far as may be, giving cause of offence." p. 22

"Nobody knows better than the wise mother the importance of giving a child time to collect himself for a decisive moment." p. 22

"...authority is just and faithful in all matters of promise-keeping; it is also considerate." p. 23

"Let us not despise the day of small things nor grow weary in well-doing; if we have trained our children from their earliest years to prompt mechanical obedience, well and good; we reap our reward. If we have not, we must be content to lead by slow degrees, by ever-watchful efforts, by authority never in abeyance and never aggressive, to 'the joy of self-control,' the delight of proud chivalric obedience which will hail a command as an opportunity for service. It is a happy thing that the 'difficult' children who are the readiest to resist a direct command are often the quickest to respond to the stimulus of an idea." p. 23

"Authority is that aspect of love which parents present to their children; parents know it is love, because to them it means continual self-denial, self-repression, self-sacrifice: children recognize it as love, because to them it means quiet rest and gaiety of heart. Perhaps the best aid to the maintenance of authority in the home is for those in authority to ask themselves daily that question which was presumptuously put to our Lord --"Who gave Thee this authority?" p. 24

Thoughts

I want to encourage you if you find this all very idealistic and intimidating when you are faced with real life and real children. If you take nothing else from this chapter, remembering and thinking about the fact that our authority as parents comes from God will give us guidance when we are faced with daily situations. This will help us remember that our authority is not optional when we are tempted to let something go. It will help us realize again and again that their disobedience is not about us and we do not have to take it as a personal insult. 

I am reminded of Psalm 103:13-14.

13 As a father shows compassion to his children,
    so the Lord shows compassion to those who fear him.
14 For he knows our frame;
    he remembers that we are dust.

Links

From me a few years ago: Who Gave You This Authority? (I really like this one.)
From Jen Snow: The Power of Routines
If you know anyone else who has blogged through School Education, let me know and I'll include links here.


Tuesday, July 11, 2017

School Education Chapter 1: Docility and Authority

Quick Summary

Parenting styles have changed. In the past, parents were generally autocratic and distant, now (in Charlotte Mason's time and in ours) they are more "intimate, frank, and friendly" with their children. In many ways this rejection of the arbitrary authority of parents is a positive change, but it would be wise to examine the underlying philosophical reasons for it.

Locke's "doctrine of infallible reason," that individual reason is the ultimate authority, has led inevitably to Herbert Spencer's conclusion that (in Charlotte Mason's words): "The enthronement of the human reason is the dethronement of Almighty God...From the dethronement of the divine, follows the dethronement of all human authority, whether it be of kings and their deputies over nations, or of parents over families." In other words, all authority can be rejected as arbitrary.

In contrast, Charlotte Mason believes in God and his divine authority. No one inherently has a right to exercise authority unless God has given that person authority. Even then, authority is limited by the fact that the one in authority is also under authority. 



Quotes

"...truer educational thought must of necessity result in an output of more worthy character." p. 4

"But it is much to a child to know that he may question, may talk of the thing that perplexes him, and that there is comprehension for his perplexities. Effusive sympathy is a mistake, and bores a child when it does not make him silly. But just to know that you can ask and tell is a great outlet, and means, to the parent, the power of direction, and to the child, free and natural development." p. 4-5

"So long as men acknowledge a God, they of necessity acknowledge authority, supreme and deputed." p. 6

"...none of us has a right to exercise authority, in things great or small, except as we are, and acknowledge ourselves to be, deputed by the one supreme and ultimate Authority." p. 7

"But, because philosophic thought is so subtle and permeating an influence, it is our part to scrutinize every principle that presents itself. Once we are able to safeguard ourselves in this way, we are able to profit by the wisdom of works which yet rest upon what we regard as radical errors." p. 8

"It is not only one good custom, but one infallible principle, which may 'corrupt a world.' Some such principle stands out luminous in the vision of a philosopher; he sees it is truth; it takes possession of him and he believes it to be the whole truth, and urges it to the point of reductio ad absurdum. Then the principle at the opposite pole of thought is similarly illuminated and glorified by a succeeding school of thought; and, later, it is discerned that it is not by either principle, but by both, that men live." p. 11

"We know that a person in authority is a person authorized; and that he who is authorized is under authority. The person under authority holds and fulfils a trust; in so far as he asserts himself, governs upon the impulse of his own will, he ceases to be authoritative and authorized, and becomes arbitrary and autocratic." p. 12

Links

I wrote about this chapter three years ago as well: It's Not Because I'm the Mom.
Jen Snow's commentary is here: Approachability and Rightful Authority
If you know of someone else who has blogged through volume 3, please let me know so I can include the link.

This post is part of a daily read-through of Charlotte Mason's Volume 3: School Education. It's not too late to jump in and read with me! If you do not have the book, you can read it for free online at Ambleside Online. They even have a modern paraphrase, if you feel a bit intimidated by the original.


Monday, July 10, 2017

Please Join Me in Reading School Education

"As a stream can rise no higher than its source, so it is probable that no educational effort can rise above the whole scheme of thought which gives it birth..." (Charlotte Mason, Preface to the 'Home Education' Series)

 As I plan for our next school year, I am beginning by reading through Charlotte Mason's Volume 3: School Education. I have read through this volume before, and blogged on parts of it. This time I am hoping to read through it within about a month, a chapter a day on weekdays.

I will blog through the process, but don't expect anything profound! I'm using my energy and time for reading this time, not writing. I will share some quotes and possibly some thoughts from my day's chapter every day. If you'd like to read this volume too, jump in and join me. Even if you have not read any of Charlotte Mason's own books before, this volume is a great one to start with if you have children between the ages of 9 and 12. (If your children are under 9, Volume 1 is a good starting point, or else Volume 6 is a great summary of Charlotte Mason's philosophy and method.)

Here is my plan:
July 10-14: Preface and Chapters 1-4
July 17-21: Chapters 5-9
July 24-28: Chapters 10-14
July 31-Aug. 4: Chapters 15-19
Aug. 7-11: Chapters 20-22, Appendix II, III-IV
Aug. 14: Appendix V

I will not be doubling up if I fall behind, so you may come back and find me a bit behind at some point. However, I hope to keep plodding on, a chapter a day.

Today:

Today I read the Preface to the 'Home Education' Series and the Preface to School Education.

Quote:
The sort of curriculum I have in view should educate children upon Things and Books. Current thought upon the subject of education by Things is so sound and practical, and so thoroughly carried into effect, that I have not thought it necessary to dwell much here upon this part of education. Our great failure seems to me to be caused by the fact that we do not form the habit of reading books that are worth while in children while they are at school and are under twelve years of age. The free use of books implies correct spelling and easy and vigorous composition without direct teaching of these subjects.
Thoughts:

In this education on Things and Books, I'm stronger on the Books. I need to work on the Things. Even though she hasn't seen fit to dwell upon Things, I hope there's enough here to help me put a proper emphasis on Things.

My oldest child is "behind" in writing. He does beautiful copywork, but never writes anything else if he can help it. This is one area that we will begin to build this year. He does seem to be a naturally good speller, as far as I can tell...perhaps because of the "free use of books," perhaps not, I don't know. I have known children who read too quickly to actually notice the words! But it did work for me and for many others I know.


Join me! What did you take from the Preface(s)?

Tomorrow I'll be back with chapter 1.


For easy reference, here are all the posts in this series:

School Education Chapter 1: Docility and Authority

School Education Chapter 2: How Authority Behaves

School Education Chapter 3: Masterly Inactivity

School Education Chapter 4: Rights of Children as Persons

School Education Chapter 5: Psychology in Relation to Current Thought

School Education Chapter 6: Some Educational Theories Examined

School Education Chapter 7: An Adequate Theory of Education

School Education Chapter 8: Certain Relations Proper to a Child

School Education Chapter 9: A Great Educationalist: A Review

School Education Chapter 10: Some Unconsidered Aspects of Physical Training

School Education Chapter 11: Some Unconsidered Aspects of Intellectual Training

School Education Chapter 12: Some Unconsidered Aspects of Moral Training

School Education Chapter 13: Some Unconsidered Aspects of Religious Education

School Education Chapter 14: A Master-Thought

School Education Chapter 15: School-Books and How They Make for Education

School Education Chapter 16: How to Use School-Books

School Education Chapters 17-19: We Are Educated by Our Intimacies

School Education Chapters 20-22: Suggestions Towards a Curriculum

School Education: The Appendices